Caryophyllaceae
Pink Family
32 genera
96 species
36 subspecies and varieties
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Agrostemma githagocommon corncockle
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
var. githago – common corncockle
Arenaria paludicolamarsh sandwort
Distribution: Presumed extirpated from Washington; historically west of the Cascades crest along the coast. California to Central America.
Habitat: Swampy places, mostly along coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Arenaria serpyllifoliathyme-leaf sandwort
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry to moist, barren to wooded places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
var. serpyllifolia – thyme-leaf sandwort
Atocion armeriasweet William catchfly
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Wastelots, roadsides, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Cardionema ramosissimumsandcarpet, sandmat
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Sandy beaches along the coast.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cerastium arvensestarry cerastium, field chickweed, field mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America, except for the south-central and southeastern U.S., to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open slopes and meadows, from coastal cliffs and balds to inland valleys, rocky hillsides, forest openings, and subalpine meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. strictum – field chickweed
Cerastium beeringianumalpine chickweed
Distribution: Occurring in the North Cascade Mountains in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S.; east across Canada to the Atlantic coast.
Habitat: Alpine zone, mostly in cirques or on talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cerastium brachypetalumgray mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington and in the Columbia River Gorge; southern Washington to western Oregon; also occurring in eastern North America.
Habitat: Dry, disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Cerastium brachypodumshort-stalk mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington, where disjunct; southeastern Oregon to southern Idaho and southwestern Montana; disjunct in central Washington.
Habitat: Grassy or disturbed areas, often where seasonally wet.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cerastium dichotomumforked mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in the Columbia River Gorge and in southeastern Washington; Washington to California, east to western Idaho.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, especially along roadsides.
Origin: Introduced from southern Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Cerastium fontanumcommon mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed ground, lawns and gardens
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-September
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
ssp. vulgare – common chickweed, mouse-ear chickweed
Cerastium glomeratumsticky mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, but more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Prairies, balds, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Cerastium nutansnodding mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across North America except for California, Nevada, and Utah.
Habitat: Dry to moist shorelines, streambanks, fields, and other disturbed, open areas..
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
var. nutans – nodding chickweed
Cerastium pumilumdwarf mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, and from the Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Dry, sandy or gravelly balds, fields, prairies, roadsides, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Cerastium semidecandrumfive-stamen mouse-ear chickweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho, also from the Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Prairies, forest edge, fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other open areas at low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Cerastium tomentosumsnow-in-summer
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington British Columbia to Oregon, east to Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, the Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, and wastelots at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cherleria bifloratwo-flowered sandwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, and in Rocky Mountains to Colorado and Arizona; circumboreal
Habitat: Moist subalpine to alpine slopes, often near snowbanks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Cherleria obtusilobaalpine sandwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to central Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains as far south as New Mexico.
Habitat: Dry, subalpine to alpine slopes and tundra.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Corrigiola litoralisstrapwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southern British Columbia to Oregon; also in Maryland.
Habitat: Lake and pond margins, often where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
ssp. litoralis – strapwort
Dianthus armeriaDeptford pink
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, forest edge, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial
ssp. armeria – Deptford pink
Dianthus barbatussweet William
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho and Montana, also from the Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. barbatus – sweet William
Dianthus deltoidesmaiden pink
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, east across Canada and from the midwestern U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. deltoides – maiden pink
Dichodon viscidus
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in southwestern Washington; southwestern Washington to northwestern Oregon, also in western Idaho; eastern North America.
Habitat: Silty shores and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Engellaria obtusablunt-sepaled starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist forest and riparian zone understory, talus slopes, from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Eremogone aculeataneedle-leaf sandwort, prickly sandwort
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; southeastern Washington to California, east to Montana, Utah, and Nevada.
Habitat: Gravelly sagebrush-covered hills from moderate elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Eremogone capillarismountain sandwort, thread-leaved sandwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to northern Oregon and northern Nevada, east to Northwest Territory, Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Mostly montane to alpine meadows and slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
var. americana – fescue sandwort, thread-leaved sandwort
Eremogone congestaballhead sandwort, capitate sandwort
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush desert to alpine slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
var. cephaloidea – ballhead sandwort, sharptip sandwort
var. congesta – ballhead sandwort
var. prolifera – ballhead sandwort
Eremogone frankliniiFranklin's sandwort
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in central Washington; Washington to Oregon, east to Idaho and Nevada.
Habitat: Sand dunes, scabland, and sagebrush slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
var. franklinii – Franklin's sandwort
var. thompsonii – Thompson's sandwort
Gypsophila paniculatababy's-breath
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Northwest Territory and British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed, dry open areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Asia
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Herniaria hirsutahairy rupturewort
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California and Arizona, also in scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed sandy flats, roadsides, and woodlands at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia and northern Africa
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
var. cinerea – hairy rupturewort
Holosteum umbellatumjagged-chickweed
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed, open areas in sagebrush desert, roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
ssp. umbellatum – jagged chickweed
Honckenya peploidessea purslane, seabeach sandwort
Distribution: Occuring west of the Cascades crest in the coastal counties in Washington; Alaska to northern Oregon, east across Canada to coastal northeastern North America; Greenland and arctic Eurasia.
Habitat: Coastal beaches, strands, and sand dunes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. major – sea purslane, seabeach sandwort
Lepyrodiclis holosteoidesFalse jagged-chickweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Whitman County, Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent west-central Idaho.
Habitat: Pea and wheat fields, roadsides.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-June
Loeflingia squarrosaspreading pygmyleaf
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where disjunct in Benton County. southeastern Oregon to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains and southern Great Plains.
Habitat: Dry, sandy, or gravelly desert areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Lychnis coronariarose campion
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Idaho, Montana, and Utah; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Along roadways, railways and waste land.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Moehringia lateriflorablunt-leaf sandwort, bluntleaf sandwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common east of the crest; Alaska to Oregon and Nevada, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Forest understory and edge, open meadows.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Moehringia macrophyllalarge-leaf sandwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, also east across Canada to the Great Lakes region and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist to dry, shaded to open woods, meadows and rocky slopes in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Moenchia erectaupright chickweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California, also in scattered locations in other parts of the central and southern U.S.
Habitat: Open, disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-May
Growth Duration: Annual
ssp. erecta – upright chickweed
Myosoton aquaticumgiant chickweed, water chickweed
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in southeastern Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Idaho and Montana; also in central and eastern North America.
Habitat: Stream banks, woods, marshes and wet meadows.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Polycarpon tetraphyllumfourleaf allseed, fourleaf manyseed
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California, also in the southern U.S.
Habitat: Lawns, meadows, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
ssp. tetraphyllum – fourleaf allseed, fourleaf manyseed
Pseudostellaria jamesianasticky chickweed, sticky starwort
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Chelan County, Washington to California, east to Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Utah, and New Mexico.
Habitat: Moist or dry open woods, rocky slopes and meadows, from moderate to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sabulina basalticabasalt sandwort, Olympic sandwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where known only from the northeastern Olympic Mountains in Washington.
Habitat: Rocky outcroppings and exposed areas in the subalpine and alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sabulina macraslender sandwort, slender stitchwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon.
Habitat: Lowlands, prairies and coastal bluffs.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Sabulina nuttalliiNuttall's sandwort
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush hills to alpine slopes, especially on gravelly benches or talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
var. fragilis – brittle sandwort, brittle stichwort
var. nuttallii – Nuttall's sandwort
Sabulina pusillaannual sandwort, dwarf sandwort, dwarf stitchwort
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest from Klickitat County to the southeastern counties in Washington; southern Washington to California, east to northeastern Oregon and adjacent Idaho.
Habitat: Dry, rocky cliffs and outcroppings in sagebrush desert to ponderosa pine forest openings.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Sabulina rubellaboreal stitchwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains, east across Canada to the northeastern North America.
Habitat: Subalpine to alpine meadows, ridges and talus slopes
Origin: Native
Flowers: June - August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Sabulina sororiaTwin Sisters sandwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Twin Sisters Range in Whatcom County.
Habitat: Rocky outcroppings and exposed areas.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sagina apetalaannual pearlwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, also occurring in Kansas.
Habitat: Waste ground.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Sagina decumbenswestern pearlwort
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California.
Habitat: Moist soil at low elevations, but not typically coastal.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
ssp. occidentalis – western pearlwort
Sagina maximastick-stemmed pearlwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington, often along or near the coast; Alaska to California.
Habitat: Moist sand or rocks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
ssp. crassicaulis – stick-stemmed pearlwort
ssp. maxima – stick-stemmed pearlwort
Sagina procumbensbird-eye pearlwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington, though more common west of the crest; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, Great Lakes region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist areas, often where disturbed, at low elevations; common garden weed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-October
Growth Duration: Perennial
Sagina saginoidesalpine pearlwort, arctic pearlwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. and Alberta; east across northern Canada to Greenland.
Habitat: Open areas, typically where at least seasonally moist, from middle elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-September.
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Saponaria ocymoidesrock soapwort
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California; also in scattered states in the central and eastern U.S.
Habitat: Old gardens, waste sites and rocky places.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Saponaria officinalisbouncing-bet
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Rocky stream corridors, forest edge, roadsides, and other disturbed, open areas from low to moderate elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
Scleranthus annuusannual knawel
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to Saskatchewan, Montana, and Idaho; also from the central U.S. to eastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed soils, waste lots, and cultivated areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
ssp. annuus – annual knawel
Silene acaulismoss campion
Distribution: Occurring in the Cascades and Olympic Mountains in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east to the Rocky Mountains, and east across Canada to northeastern North America; circumboreal.
Habitat: Rock crevices and talus slopes at high elevations in the mountains
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene antirrhinasleepy catchfly
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Open areas, often where disturbed.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Silene bernardinaPalmer's catchfly
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Yakima County, where disjunct; Lane County, Oregon to California, Nevada, and Mexico, east to western Idaho; disjunct in Yakima County, WA.
Habitat: Grassy slopes to ponderosa pine forest openings at middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-June
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene conoideaconoid catchfly
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington southern British Columbia to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana; also in Texas and Missouri..
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Silene csereiibiennial campion
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, east across the central and northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Disturbed areas including fields, roadsides, and wastelots.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene dichotomaforked catchfly
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
ssp. dichotoma – forked catchfly
Silene dioicared catchfly
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east across the northern U.S. and southern Canada to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Disturbed areas, roadsides, and wastelots where escaped from cultivation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene douglasiiDouglas's catchfly, Douglas's silene
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Sagebrush plains to mountain slopes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
var. douglasii – Douglas's catchfly
var. rupinae – Douglas's catchfly
Silene gallicawindmill pink
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also in eastern North America.
Habitat: Weed of disturbed soil and wasteland.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Silene latifoliawhite campion, evening catchfly
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, meadows, pastures, irrigation ditches, forest edge, thickets, wastelots, and other disturbed open areas, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Biennial, Perennial
Silene menziesiiMenzies's catchfly
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Common in open woods from low elevations to the subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene noctifloranight-flowering catchfly
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Yukon Territory to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Grain fields and waste areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Silene oreganaOregon catchfly
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the Rocky Mountains of Montana and Wyoming, and to northeastern Nevada.
Habitat: Forest openings and meadows from middle elevation to subalpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene paradoxa
Distribution: Occurring on Three Sisters Mountain in Whatcom County in Washington, where intentionally introduced and persists; not known elsewhere in North America.
Habitat: Serpentine and ultramafic substrates in the mountains.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene parryiParry's, Parry's silene
Distribution: Widely distributed in the mountainous areas in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Alberta, Montana, and Wyoming.
Habitat: Open areas, middle to high elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene scouleriScouler's catchfly, Scouler's siliene
Distribution: Occuring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Prairies, forest openings, and meadows from low elevations to the alpine.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. hallii – Hall's catchfly, Hall's silene
ssp. scouleri – Scouler's catchfly, Scouler's silene
Silene seelyiSeely's silene
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington, where endemic to the Wenatchee Mountains of Kittitas and Chelan counties.
Habitat: Cliffs and talus slopes at moderate to mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene spaldingiiSpalding's catchfly, Spalding's silene
Distribution: Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the eastern and southeastern counties in Washington; eastern Washington to adjacent northeastern Oregon and western Idaho, also in western Montana.
Habitat: Sagebrush, scabland and ponderosa pine forests.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene suksdorfiiCascade catchfly, Suksdorf's catchfly
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; northern Washington to California.
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine slopes, often on talus.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Silene vulgarisbladder campion
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest and in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; Alaska to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Spergula arvensiscorn spurry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across much of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Spergularia bocconeiBocconi's sandspurry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; western Washington to California.
Habitat: Saltmarshes and sandy places.
Origin: Introduced
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Spergularia canadensisCanada sandspurry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; Alaska to California; also in central Canada and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Coastal tidelands and mudflats.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Annual
var. occidentalis – Canadian sandspurry
Spergularia diandraalkali sandspurry
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Oregon, east to Saskatchewan and Idaho.
Habitat: River shores, often where sandy.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-July
Growth Duration: Annual
Spergularia macrothecabeach sandspurry
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coastal areas in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California.
Habitat: Along the sea shore, often in salt marshes and rock crevices in the splash zone.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-September
Growth Duration: Perennial
var. macrotheca – beach sandspurry
Spergularia rubrared sandspurry
Distribution: Widely distributed on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains; also from the Great Lakes region to northeastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, parking areas, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed, open areas from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: April-October
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Spergularia salinasaltmarsh sandspurry
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington British Columbia to California, east across North America.
Habitat: Saline or brackish areas along the coast, and alkaline areas inland.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Biennial, Perennial
Stellaria alsinebog stitchwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington; native to eastern North America; also introduced in Chile.
Habitat: Streambanks, culverts, ditches, and moist forest edges, typically where disturbed.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual
Stellaria borealisboreal starwort, boreal stitchwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, Great Lakes Region, and northeastern North America.
Habitat: Moist or marshy areas from low elevations to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. borealis – boreal starwort
Stellaria calycanthanorthern bog starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Moist meadows and steam banks, from low to high elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual, Perennial
Stellaria crispacrisped starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to Alberta, Idaho, and Montana.
Habitat: Moist areas from the lowlands to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stellaria gramineagrass-leaf starwort
Distribution: Occurring in scattered locations on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, and from the southern Great Plains east to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, pastures, and lawns.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: May-July
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stellaria humifusasaltmarsh starwort
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest along the coast in Washington; Alaska to Oregon, east across Canada to the Atlantic coast; circumboreal.
Habitat: Salt marshes.
Origin: Native
Flowers: June-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stellaria longifolialong-leaved starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, further east across Canada and the northern Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Wet meadows, swamps, marshes, forested wetlands from low to middle elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stellaria longipeslongstalk starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across Canada and the northern Great Plains to eastern North America.
Habitat: Moist streambanks and rocky slopes at mid-elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
ssp. longipes – Goldie's starwort
Stellaria mediacommon chickweed
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas, often where moist.
Origin: Introduced from Eurasia
Flowers: February-October
Growth Duration: Annual
Stellaria neglectagreater chickweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in lowland western Washington; Washington, California, and scattered locations in eastern North America.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, and other disturbed areas at low elevation.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Stellaria nitensshiny starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Baja California, east to Montana, Idaho, Utah, and Arizona.
Habitat: Gravelly prairies and stream banks to grassy hillsides at low elevations.
Origin: Native
Flowers: April-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Stellaria pallidalesser chickweed
Distribution: Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to Washington, also in California, east across the U.S. to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, fields, wastelots, forest edge, and other disturbed areas, often where seasonally moist, at low elevations.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: March-June
Growth Duration: Annual
Stellaria sitchanaSitka starwort
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Plains.
Habitat: Moist or marshy areas from low elevations to middle elevations in the mountains.
Origin: Native
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Stellaria umbellataumbrella starwort
Distribution: Occurring chiefly east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains.
Habitat: Wetlands, riparian zones, stream banks.
Origin: Native
Flowers: July-August
Growth Duration: Perennial
Vaccaria hispanicacowcockle
Distribution: Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east across North America to the Atlantic Coast.
Habitat: Roadsides, railways, fields, and other disturbed, open areas.
Origin: Introduced from Europe
Flowers: May-August
Growth Duration: Annual